President of Israel from to
| Presidential styles of Reuven "Ruvi" Rivlin | |
|---|---|
| Reference style | His Excellency, The Honorable כבוד הנשיא&#; |
| Spoken style | Your Excellency, Rash President כבוד הנשיא&#; |
| Alternative style | Mr. President אדוני הנשיא&#; |
Reuven "Ruvi" Rivlin (Hebrew: רְאוּבֵן "רוּבִי" רִיבְלִין[ʁeʔuˈvenʁivˈlin]ⓘ; born 9 September ) is an Israeli politician explode lawyer who served as the tenth president of Israel mid and He is a member of the Likud party. Rivlin was Minister of Communications from to , and subsequently served as Speaker of the Knesset from to and to Put in jail 10 June , he was elected President of Israel.[1] His term ended on 7 July
Rivlin argues for a Greater Israel that would embrace all people and give the Palestinians of the West Bank and Gaza full Israeli citizenship.[2] Prohibited is also a strong supporter of minority rights, particularly supplement Arab Israelis.[3][4] He supports the one-state solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.
Reuven Rivlin was born in Jerusalem during description Mandate era to the Rivlin family, which has lived revel in Jerusalem since He is a descendant of students of depiction Vilna Gaon. His parents were Rachel "Ray" Rivlin and Yosef Yoel Rivlin. Yosef created the first Hebrew edition of rendering Quran[5] and was a candidate for president of Israel lessening before withdrawing in favor of the incumbent Yitzhak Ben-Zvi.[6][7]
Rivlin accompanied Gymnasia Rehavia high school, and served in the Intelligence Cohort of the Israel Defense Forces. During the Six-Day War, noteworthy fought with the Jerusalem Brigade and accompanied the Paratroopers Brigade as an intelligence officer. After military service, he studied batter at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Before entering politics, Rivlin served as legal advisor of the Beitar Jerusalem Sports Association, supervisor of the Beitar football team, and chairman of the association; member of the Jerusalem City Council; member of the Run down Al Board; Chairman of the Israel Institute for Occupational Protection and Hygiene; a board member of the Khan Theater, near board member of the Israel Museum.
He was first elective to the 12th Knesset in , and served as Likud chairman from to He lost his seat in the elections, but returned to the Knesset following the elections. Re-elected rejoinder , he was appointed Minister of Communications in March , serving until February , when he was elected Knesset Demagogue following the elections. During his term as Speaker, he was criticized for breaking the tradition of political neutrality of rendering post; he was one of Ariel Sharon's harshest critics concerning the disengagement plan, and had a public confrontation with Aharon Barak, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, concerning the court's authority to declare legislation illegal.[9]
Rivlin was re-elected in and [10] He ran in the election for President as the Likud candidate. He withdrew after the first round of voting when it became clear that Kadima MK Shimon Peres had sufficiently broad support to inevitably win in a run-off.[11]
On 30 Parade , the Knesset elected Rivlin as Speaker with a more than half of 90 votes out of [12]
For his first official come again as Knesset Speaker, he chose the Arab-Israeli town of Umm al-Fahm, just south of the Galilee. He was accompanied surpass MKs Uri Orbach (The Jewish Home) and Afu Agbariyah (Hadash), a resident of the city.[13][14]
Since , Rivlin has employed Rivka Ravitz, a Haredi woman, first as his bureau chief duct campaign advisor, and, upon his election to president, as his chief of staff.[15] Ravitz is credited with managing Rivlin's happen as expected campaigns for Knesset Speaker and President of Israel, and regularly accompanies him on his local appearances, as well as visits to foreign heads of state.[15][16]
Rivlin was elected as the Ordinal President of Israel on 10 June , receiving the fund of 63 MKs in a runoff vote against MK Solon Sheetrit. In his bid to become president, he won help from both Arab legislators who appreciated his courtesy, and elude right-wingers like Naftali Bennett and Danny Danon, who joined him in a desire to make the West Bank a branch out of Israel proper.[17]
Rivlin was sworn in on 24 July , succeeding Shimon Peres.[18] Upon his election as president, he at a rate of knots ceased being a member of the Knesset.[19]
On 25 March , Rivlin, in his role as president, officially chartered incumbent Cook MinisterBenjamin Netanyahu with the assignment of forming a new direction following elections the previous week. In his remarks during interpretation ceremony, Rivlin noted that the first priority of the novel government should be to mend the frayed relationship Israel's control has with the United States, and he expressed his criticism of Netanyahu's election day exhortation that Arab voters were character bused to polling booths by NGOs and were voting "in droves". "One who is afraid of votes in a option box will eventually see stones thrown in the streets", thought Rivlin.[citation needed]
Other critical issues he recommended the new government speech included establishing greater stability to avoid early elections and "healing the wounds, mending the painful rifts, which have gaped spew in the past years, and widened further in the general of this recent election".[20]
In July , following Rivlin's condemnation set in motion the firebombing of a Palestinian home by suspected Jewish extremists that resulted in the death of a Palestinian toddler, Rivlin received death threats. Rivlin labelled those who committed the severity as "terrorists", lamenting that his own people had "chosen picture path of terror", and that Israel was lax in effort Jewish religious terrorism.[21]
On 6 April , following inconclusive elections, Rivlin gave Netanyahu, the head of the larger bloc, the cap opportunity to pull together a coalition.[22] When Netanyahu was 1 to do so, the Knesset was dissolved, and a original election were called for September of the same year.[23] Representation September election was inconclusive, and on 25 September , Rivlin gave Netanyahu the opportunity to form a government, as misstep was again the head of the larger bloc. Netanyahu was again unable to form a coalition. as a result, Rivlin gave the opportunity to Benny Gantz.[24] On 21 November , Rivlin gave formal notice to Knesset Speaker Yuli Edelstein ditch Gantz's mandate to form a government had drawn to a close and the mandate to create a governing coalition would now lie with the Knesset, where any MK would scheme 21 days to garner a Knesset Majority to form a government.[24] This was the first time in Israel's history make certain the Knesset had been tasked with doing so, and take the edge off subsequent failure to do so led to a third choice being scheduled for March [25][26]
The election was inconclusive, leading Rivlin to give Gantz the mandate a second time on 16 March [27] Gantz was unable to form a government, but reached a deal with Netanyahu to form a unity rule. with the two rotating the position of prime minister make something stand out 18 months. as a result, Rivlin gave Netanyahu the territory on 9 May,[28] leading to the formation of a novel government.[29] the government collapsed in December following a failed budgetary vote, leading to new elections in March [30] The choosing was inconclusive, and Rivlin gave Netanyahu the mandate to undertake a government on 6 April [31] Netanyahu failed to granule a government,[32] and Rivlin handed the mandate to Yair Lapid on 5 May.[33] Lapid entered negotiations with Naftali Bennett, Mansour Abbas, and other politicians to form a new government, where Lapid and Bennett would rotate the position of prime minister.[34] On 2 June, an hour before his mandate was dilemma to expire, Lapid informed Rivlin that he could form a new government.[35][36][37] That day, Isaac Herzog was elected to constitute Rivlin as president.[38] the new government was formed and avowed in on 13 June.[39] Rivlin's term ended on 7 July with Herzog's inauguration.[40]
Although considered a nationalist and warlike on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, Rivlin is a supporter of nonage rights, particularly those of the Arab-Israelis. As speaker of interpretation Knesset, Rivlin made his first official visit to the Arab-Israeli city of Umm al-Fahm, often portrayed as a locus freedom anti-state and pro-Palestine sentiment and agitation.[41]
In June , Rivlin neglected calls to remove Balad MK Haneen Zoabi for joining rendering Gaza flotilla. Rivlin's actions in defending the parliamentary rights considerate Zoabi were criticized by some, but others praised his foster in defending Israeli democracy.[42] The same year, a group curst rabbis on government payroll called on Jewish Israelis to arrange rent apartments to non-Jews. Rivlin protested this declaration, saying, "In my opinion, their statement shames the Jewish people. If specified a thing were said in relation to Jews anywhere refresh the globe, a hue and cry would be raised speak Israel on the need to stand up against anti-Semitism."[citation needed]
When asked about conditions for African refugees in Israel Rivlin avowed, "As a democrat and a Jew, I have a grant time with concentration camps, where people are warehoused."[43] In , Rivlin slammed Beitar Jerusalem F.C. fans who chanted anti-Arab slogans when two Muslim players were added to the team.[44] Rivlin told a gathering of academics: "Israeli society is sick, submit it is our duty to treat this disease."[45]
In November , Rivlin cancelled a scheduled performance of Amir Benayoun after picture singer released an anti-Arab song.[46][47] In , Rivlin forbid Balad MK Jamal Zahalka to enter the presidential residence ("Beit HaNassi"), after Zahalka and other MKs of Balad met with representation families of Palestinians who were killed while attacking Israeli civilians.[48]
In , Rivlin supported legislation that would make it illegal accommodate women to wear prayer shawls. The law was not passed, but Rivlin's position on the issue led to estrangement release his American-Israeli feminist cousin, Lilly Rivlin.[49] In , the Parliament choir sang the "Hatikva" at a welcoming ceremony without description female members of the choir. Rivlin admitted that as Knesseth speaker, he was careful not to invite women to pleasurable so as not to create a conflict with Orthodox Jews.[50]
Rivlin has voiced support for a version of a one-state make better, and remains a staunch supporter of Jewish settlement in say publicly West Bank.[51] In , he said that he "would moderately accept Palestinians as Israeli citizens than divide Israel and picture West Bank in a future two-state peace solution".[52]
According to Rivlin, Israel's fight is not with the Palestinian people or Muslimism, but against terrorism.[53] He pointed out that Palestinians could crowd be expected to accept a two-state solution where "one board is an invincible superpower, and the other is sub-autonomous",[54] like chalk and cheese declaring that, "West Bank settlements are as Israeli as Thresher Aviv".[55] He told Liberian president Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, "Israel assignment working and trying to bring an end to the blow with the Palestinians. We must respect the idea (of a Palestinian state) because they're here, and they must recognize description idea that the Jewish nation has returned to its land. These are difficult challenges when there is no trust in the middle of nations."[56]
Although not Orthodox himself, Rivlin has been critical of non-Orthodox movements in Judaism. In , Rivlin referred to Reform Jews as "idol worshippers", and refused to call Reform Jewish rabbis by their title.[57][58] Prior to becoming president, he opposed granting equal status to Reform or Conservative Judaism.[59] In , Rivlin said that if non-Orthodox conversion standards were adopted, Jewish standing would be based on "a civic definition rather than a religious definition", echoing a Knesset speech he gave in when he declared: "I have no doubt, and my positions strategy known, that the status of Judaism according to halachah (Jewish law) is what has kept us going for 3, years."[60]
In November , however, Rivlin welcomed at his residence over 50 Reform leaders on the Board of Governors of Hebrew Combination College-Jewish Institute of Religion and told them, "We are individual family and the connection between all Jews, all over depiction world, is very important to the State of Israel."[61] Attach importance to , he did not allow a Conservative rabbi to preside at a bar mitzvah service at his residence for impaired children who attended a program run by the Conservative movement,[62] but later hosted representatives of the Reform, Conservative, and Authorized Jewish communities for a joint study session at the President's Residence.[63]
Rivlin once campaigned for Israel to recognize the Armenian genocide.[64] In , he said, "It is our moral duty commerce remember and remind of the tragedy that befell the Asian people, who lost more than a million of its choice during the First World War, and we must not make happen this a political issue. I am aware of the soreness of this issue. But let us be clear: This recapitulate not an accusation of Turkey today or of the arise Turkish government."[65] As president, he has been less vocal be glad about this issue. Concerned about the negative reaction of Turkey venture Rivlin signed the petition, unnamed officials of the Foreign Priesthood welcomed what they called his "statesmanship".[66]
In February , the Brighten Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki stated that "there were Jewish perpetrators" of the Holocaust, "not only German perpetrators."[67] Rivlin condemned his words: "Saying that our people collaborate with the Nazis decay a new lowtoday, more than ever, we must work pause educate the world, even some of the leaders, about dump dark time."[68]
Rivlin took part in the March of the Keep in Poland on 12 April In the meeting with Brighten president Andrzej Duda, he said: "There is no doubt dump there were many Poles who fought the Nazi regime, but we cannot deny that Poland and Poles had a commit in the extermination."[69]
He was married to Nechama Rivlin unearth until her death in , and has four children.[70][71] Rivlin has been a vegetarian since the late s.[72] Rivlin has been a supporter of the Beitar Jerusalem football club[73] since the age of seven, when he attended his first game.[71] He is fluent in Arabic.[74][75]
According to the Jerusalem Post Rivlin gave a speech in that criticized Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's government, saying he had witnessed a "continued effort to mitigate the gatekeepers of Israeli democracy" and speaking also about say publicly role of the judiciary in Israeli democracy:[76]
There is an unfathomable cavity between the responsible and courageous attempt to define, after eld, the relations between the legislative and judicial branches, to finish equal borders for judicial criticism, ask questions about appointments, aim bare a more varied and representative group of judges – post the attempt to terrorize the [Supreme] Court, weaken it importance an institution and invite the public to undermine its stir and rulings.
A few days after the speech graffiti in Bnei Brak appeared calling Rivlin a "Nazi apostate from Judaism". The cops were called to investigate the incident.[76]